Inhomogeneous tilt angle
The energy production of a PV panel is proportional to the solar irradiation it receives, and the latter obviously changes depending on the tilt angle of the PV panel. When the PV modules in a PV plant have different tilt angles three types of losses may occur: (i) current mismatch within the module string, (ii) voltage mismatch at the inverter level in case of strong tilt deviations and absence of individual MPPTs, and (iii) unexpected self-shading losses between the module rows.
(32 of 100 sites) 32%
prevalence
1.6%
average loss
5.4%
max loss